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小麦蛋白质消化率和致敏性的变化:乳酸片球菌XZ31和酵母菌在面团发酵中的作用
2023-12-21作者:来源:责任编辑:食品界 字体A+AA-
Introduction
Results
(2)在一定作用时间内,小麦可溶蛋白对肠道上皮屏障没有损害作用,难溶蛋白作用30 min即可显著破坏肠道上皮屏障的紧密连接。酵母菌发酵未能显著减轻难溶蛋白对上皮细胞的损害,相比于乳酸片球菌XZ31单独发酵,其与酵母菌复配发酵能更好地减少跨膜难溶蛋白(包括麸质敏感肽)的含量,减轻肠道上皮屏障的损伤;
(3)小麦难溶蛋白造成的肠道上皮屏障的损伤可能与PKC介导的肌动蛋白重组和PI3K介导的ZO-1蛋白基因表达量的减少相关。
Conclusion
总之,LAB单培养和与酵母共培养在不同方面有助于提高小麦蛋白质的消化率。发酵导致白蛋白/球蛋白抗原性降低,面筋R5反应性增加,其中L+S组的变化最为显著。胃蛋白酶-胰蛋白酶消化对抗原的水解作用比发酵处理更明显。LAB预处理通过防止肌动蛋白聚合和绒毛萎缩来防止面筋诱导的Caco-2细胞单层通透性的增加,特别是在L+S组中。此外,PI3K和PKC可能与面筋诱导的肠道屏障破坏有关。本研究的结果为LAB发酵对小麦蛋白致敏性和毒性的影响提供了有价值的见解,有助于促进多菌株发酵剂在低致敏和无麸质小麦产品中的应用。LAB在体外降解小麦过敏原中的作用为LAB在治疗小麦过敏中的应用提供了依据。LAB的体内生物学功能,如调节免疫系统、缓解过敏或自身免疫性疾病,值得更深入的研究。
第一作者简介
付文慧,女,中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院2019级博士研究生,主要研究方向为食物过敏。参与国家“十三五”重点研发计划的相关研究工作,目前以第一作者身份发表SCI论文5篇,申请国家发明专利1件。
通信作者简介
薛文通,男,中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院教授,博士生导师,中国农业大学中日食品研究中心主任,农业农村部农产品加工业专家委员会委员,农业农村部农产品加标准化技术委员会粮食加工技术委员会委员,中国农业工程学会农产品加工贮藏分会副理事长,中国食品和包装机械工业学会中央厨房工程与装备委员会副会长,中国农业机械学会农产品加工机械分会副主任委员,北京农业工程学会农产品加工贮藏分会会长。近年来主要研究食物致敏原确证技术及膳食成分对人体致敏机制影响;益生菌及其代谢产物对机体免疫应答规律等。共主持国家重点研发计划项目1项(食物过敏标识的风险评估技术研究),国家重点研发计划子课题1项,国家自然科学基金面上项目5项,国家科技支撑计划项目2项,国际合作项目2项,其他省部级研究项目19项。出版《主要食物过敏原致敏机理的研究》等著作14部。授权国家发明专利8项。获省部级及以上奖励5项。在国内外学术期刊发表论文240余篇。
Changes in wheat protein digestibility and allergenicity: Role of Pediococcus acidilactici XZ31 and yeast during dough fermentation
Wenhui Fua, Chen Chenb, Chenglong Liub, Sha Taoc, Wentong Xueb,*
a Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
b College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
c College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
*Corresponding author.
Abstract
Wheat flour, as the most important source of food globally, is one of the most common causative agents of food allergy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of fermentation on wheat protein digestibility and allergenicity. Protein digestibility were evaluated using the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of protein on intestinal permeability was investigated by Caco-2 cell monolayers. Co-culture fermentation with Pediococcus acidilacticiXZ31 and yeast leads to improvement in digestibility of wheat protein compared to single strain fermentation. Fermentation leads to a decrease in albumin/globulin antigenicity and an increase in gluten R5 reactivity, with the most significant changes in the co-culture group. Digestion strengthen the decrease of protein antigenicity and counteracts the difference in antigenicity induced by fermentation between groups. However, pretreatment with P. acidilactici XZ31 reduces the amount of allergens across Caco-2 monolayer and attenuates the gluten-induced increase in permeability of Caco-2 cell monolayer by reducing actin polymerization and villous atrophy. Co-culture fermentation reduces gluten-induced cell monolayer damage to a greater extent than P. acidilactici XZ31 monoculture. These results gives valuable insight into the effects of P. acidilactici XZ31 fermentation on the allergenicity and toxicity of wheat proteins, which contribute to promoting the application of multi-strain leavening agent in hypoallergenic and gluten-free wheat products.
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