Nomilin is a type of limonoid primarily found in citrus fruits. it is a triterpenoid compound that has gained significant attention recently due to its diverse biological activities. this review summarizes the methods of extraction and the biological activities of nomilin. Various extraction techniques, including traditional solvent extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction, have been applied for its separation and purification. among these, supercritical fluid extraction has shown great potential due to its efficiency and environmental benefits. Regarding biological activities, studies have demonstrated that nomilin shows anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-obesity, and blood glucose-regulating properties. Specific mechanisms include inhibition of cancer cell proliferation through modulation of cell signaling pathways, suppression of inflammatory responses, delay of aging through radical scavenging, and improvement of metabolic syndrome via modulation of metabolic pathways. Moreover, the potential applications of nomilin in food, medicine, and healthcare products have been extensively discussed. in conclusion, nomilin, as a natural compound, presents multiple potential health benefits, and further advancements in its extraction methods and bioactivity research will support its practical applications.