Introduction
Results and discussion
图1 SPI对WNPI-KC复合凝胶质构特性的影响
WNPI-SPI-KC复合凝胶形成的机理示意图如图5所示,SPI可以作为WNPI凝胶网络的填充物,在适当的NaCl浓度下,Na+通过静电相互作用与蛋白质建立连接,部分Na+可以通过桥接带负电荷的羧基与KC相互作用,减少蛋白质的过度聚集,从而增加复合体系的凝胶化。在加热过程中,蛋白质的分子结构展开,暴露出更多的游离巯基。此外,SPI作为WNPI凝胶网络的填充物,增强了疏水相互作用等分子间作用力,诱导形成更稳定的凝胶网络结构,改善了复合凝胶的WHC和质构性能。
图5 WNPI-SPI-KC复合凝胶形成的机理示意图
Conclusion
本实验研究了不同浓度SPI对15 mmol/L NaCl处理下WNPI-KC复合物凝胶性能的影响。结果表明,1.0% SPI的加入可以增强WNPI-KC复合凝胶的分子间作用力,从而使凝胶网络结构更加致密均匀。在此基础上,复合凝胶的流变特性、质构特性、持水性、溶胀率、冻融稳定性和热稳定性均有显著提高。此外,1.0% SPI的加入使复合体系中蛋白质分子二级结构由α-螺旋转变为β-折叠,荧光强度和游离巯基含量增加,更有利于凝胶化。本研究开发了一种新型的植物蛋白凝胶,为提高核桃蛋白的凝胶特性和核桃蛋白凝胶食品的开发提供了技术支持。
第一作者简介
雷雨晴,女,合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院2022级在读博士,研究方向为蛋白质科学与技术,目前以第一作者发表SCI和EI科研论文3篇。
李述刚,男,博士,教授,博士生导师。研究方向为食品胶体科学与技术、禽蛋加工和质量控制、休闲食品创制与产业化。现任安徽省现代农业产业体系农产品加工产业技术体系特色农品加工岗位专家,全国畜牧业标准化技术委员会禽业标准化工作组委员,中国生物工程学会生食品生物技术专业委员会委员,中国食品科学技术学会休闲食品分会理事等。先后主持承担国家自然科学基金、国家重点研发计划任务、国家农业成果转化资金及公益性(农业)行业专项等各类科研课题20余项;国家基金项目网评和省级科技项目评审专家,《Journal of Future Foods》编委,《食品科学》杂志青年编委,《Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry》、《Food Hydrocolloid》和《食品科学》等20多个权威期刊杂志审稿人。先后获省市级科技进步奖励6项,获得省级中青年创新领军人才、省青年科技奖等称号;主编及参编出版教材8部,发表SCI和EI等高水平科研论文90余篇,授权技术专利30余件。
Influence of soy protein isolate on the gel properties of walnut protein isolate-κ-carrageenan treated with NaCl
Yuqing Leia, Lulu Maa, Hui Ouyanga, Wu Penga, Feiran Xua, Ping Wangb, Long Jinc, Shugang Lia,*
a Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
b School of Food Science and Engineering, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
c Chacha Food Co., Ltd. Hefei 230601, China
*Corresponding author.
The demand for plant protein is increasing significantly due to the shortage of protein resources. Walnut protein, the main by-product of preparing walnut oil, has limited application in the food industry due to its poor solubility. It was found that the soy protein isolate (SPI) concentration had significant effects on the gel properties of the walnut protein isolate (WNPI)-κ-Carrageenan (KC) composite system treated with 15 mmol/L NaCl. The results showed that the gel strength of the composite system increased first and then decreased with the increased concentration of SPI from 0 to 2.5%. The best rheological properties, texture properties, water holding capacity ((92.03 ± 1.05)%), swelling ratio ((2.04 ± 0.19)%), freeze-thaw stability and thermal stability (85.53 °C) of the composite gel were found at an SPI concentration of 1%. In the meantime, the secondary structure of protein had the least α-helix content of 10.17% and the highest β-sheet content of 39.64%, the fluorescence intensity and free sulfhydryl content reached the highest value. 1% SPI could also act as a filler for WNPI to enhance the intermolecular forces such as hydrophobic interaction between the two substances, thus forming a stable gel network structure. This study can provide technical support for improving the gel properties of walnut protein and producing new plant protein gel products.
LEI Y Q, MA L L, OUYANG H, et al. Influence of soy protein isolate on the gel properties of walnut protein isolate-κ-carrageenan treated with NaCl[J]. Journal of Future Foods, 2023, 3(4): 364-373. DOI:10.1016/j.jfutfo.2023.03.007.
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